Marshall’s scissors and a post-classical human organisation and praxis theory of value
重新审视马歇尔的价值理论剪刀比喻，批判性继承其思想，提出后古典人类组织与实践价值理论，强调企业家、管理者和工人的作用，并探讨其对组织、知识、创新及公共政策的启示。
Abstract We revisit Marshall’s scissors analogy to the theory of value in economics and his discussion of human actors and other determinants of value creation. We build critically upon Marshall and related literature in economics and organisations to propose a novel post-classical human organisation and praxis theory of value. The theory reinstates the role of entrepreneurs, managers and workers discussed by Marshall and incorporates and develops key Marshallian ideas on organisation, knowledge and innovation, increasing returns to scale, inter-firm cooperation and (in) industrial districts, and their subsequent developments. In so doing the post-classical theory of value helps address limitations of extant theories and provides opportunities for theory development and implications for public policy.