Output costs of education and skill mismatch in OECD countries
利用校准的垂直错配模型，量化了17个OECD国家教育与技能错配的产出成本，发现消除错配可使产出平均提高3%至4%，各国差异从0.5%到9%不等。
We quantify the output costs of education and skills mismatch for 17 OECD economies, using a calibrated model of vertical mismatch. Eliminating the frictions generating mismatch would raise output by 3% to 4% on average, varying between 0.5% to 9% across countries. Although the education and skill mismatch measures are constructed using different methods and differ in size, the output costs are similar between the two measures. • Eliminating skill and education mismatch could raise output by 3% to 4% on average. • Output costs vary across countries, ranging from 0.5% to 9% of GDP. • Wage losses from under-employment, not mismatch rates, drive output costs. • Countries with high wage penalties for mismatch suffer the highest output losses. • Education and skill mismatch measures differ but yield similar output cost estimates.