Childcare, Labor Supply, and Business Development: Experimental Evidence from Uganda
通过随机向乌干达母亲提供儿童保育补贴或现金补助，发现保育补贴显著提高了单身母亲的劳动供给和收入，而现金补助则普遍促进女性创业，对家庭收入和儿童发展也有积极影响。
We randomly offered a childcare subsidy, an equivalent cash grant, or both to mothers of three-to-five-year-old children. The childcare subsidy substantially increased the labor supply and earnings of single mothers, highlighting the importance of time constraints for them. Among couples, childcare did not affect mothers’ labor market outcomes but instead increased fathers’ salaried employment. At the household level, childcare led to higher income and consumption and improved child development. Cash grants positively affected mothers’ labor supply and income irrespective of the household structure, suggesting the general importance of credit constraints for women’s business development.