Debunking “fake news” on social media: Immediate and short-term effects of fact-checking and media literacy interventions
通过随机调查实验，比较事实核查与简短媒体素养干预对识别假新闻的即时和短期效果，发现媒体素养能更广泛地帮助区分真假信息，且效果可持续约两周。
We conduct a randomized survey experiment to compare the immediate and short-term effects of fact-checking to a brief media literacy intervention. We show that fact-checking primarily affects the specific fake news it directly addresses, whereas media literacy helps to distinguish between false and correct information more generally, both immediately and around two weeks after the intervention. A plausible mechanism is that media literacy enables participants to critically evaluate social media postings, while fact-checking fails to enhance their skills as much. Our results promote media literacy as an effective tool to fight fake news, that is cheap, scalable, and easy-to-implement.