The influence path of residents’ participation in collective tourism social entrepreneurship: a qualitative comparative analysis
基于动机-机会-能力理论，采用模糊集定性比较分析，研究了中国旅游目的地211位居民参与集体旅游社会创业的影响因素组合，发现四种主要路径，为促进可持续乡村发展提供参考。
Rural tourism significantly contributes to empowering local residents and rejuvenating communities, especially in developing economies. This study investigates the factors influencing residents’ engagement in collective tourism social entrepreneurship (CTSE) based on motivation–opportunity–ability theory. Employing a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis approach, this research analyzes quantitative data from 211 residents in tourism destinations in China to uncover the specific combinations of factors that influence their willingness to participate in CTSE. The findings reveal four major configurations: village community rationality, economic rationality, participation in decontextualization, and comprehensive participation. The results indicate that support for the collective economy varies among individuals, which is closely linked to residents’ capital accumulation and their participation in tourism dividends. This suggests that rural elites should facilitate villagers’ participation in CTSE and emphasize residents’ heterogeneity in tourism development. To prevent the social mission from being diverted, the local government should ensure residents’ right to share the benefits of tourism and their central role. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for other nations or regions with similar socio-cultural backgrounds, supporting sustainable rural development through CTSE.