Engagement and burnout from late adolescence into young adulthood: a cross-lagged analysis over a 10-year timeframe
本研究追踪了768名芬兰青少年从18岁到28岁、从学校到工作的过渡期，发现倦怠会侵蚀投入，但投入增加不会减轻倦怠，且两者均有稳定的特质成分。
Youth mental health, especially engagement and burnout, has become a growing concern, raising questions about the phenomena’s long-term stability and impact. Taking a resource-based perspective, we investigate stable and time-variant components of engagement and burnout in a sample of N = 768 Finnish late adolescents and young adults during the transition from education to work at four timepoints over a ten-year timeframe between ages 18 and 28. Random intercept cross-lagged analyses were performed to examine whether (1) engagement and burnout show stable, trait-like components over time, (2) whether time-specific deviations from individuals’ typical levels in engagement and burnout follow gain or loss cycles, and (3) whether cross-lagged effects between time-specific deviations of engagement and burnout can be identified. Results show stable components of both engagement and burnout, pointing to a dispositional context-independent part of the phenomena. Analyses of lagged carry-over effects show a loss cycle of burnout across timepoints but no gain spiral of engagement. Analyses of cross-lagged effects show that within-person increases in burnout are followed by within-person decreases in engagement but not vice versa, suggesting an erosion of engagement due to increased burnout but no improvement of burnout due to increased engagement.