Not in my backyard? The local impact of wind and solar parks in Brazil
研究了巴西大型风能和太阳能公园对当地就业、GDP和公共财政的影响，发现太阳能公园在建设期创造临时就业，而风能公园带来长期财政收益但就业效应不显著。
Support from local citizens is important for the scale-up of renewable energy. We investigate the impact of utility-scale wind and solar parks on employment, GDP and public finances in Brazilian municipalities using a difference-in-differences design with matching. We find a positive employment impact of 1-1.3 jobs/MW in the 15 months preceding the commissioning of a solar park, when the park is under construction, but no impacts thereafter. For wind, we do not find any significant local employment effects. In the year after commissioning, GDP increases 23% for an average sized solar park and 12% for an average sized wind project. The impacts only decrease slightly in the following years. We also find significant persistent fiscal revenue impacts in wind compared to only a one-time tax revenue increase in solar at the time of construction. Our results provide different implications for policymakers that want to advocate for renewable energy in their towns. While for solar, the main benefit constitutes a short-term increase in low-skilled employment and public revenues, wind energy provides more long-term financial benefits but less local employment opportunities. • In Brazil, solar parks create 1-1.3 temporary jobs per MW in local communities. • In wind, no significant job creation in local communities. • Large impacts on municipal GDP (+23% solar, +12% wind), explainable by power sales. • Increases in municipal revenue with more long-term effects observed in wind. • Financial impact of renewable energy more pronounced than jobs at local level.