Effects of anthropomorphic features of co-robots on users’ perception and emotional responses during human–robot collaboration
研究了机器人外观和声音的拟人化特征如何影响用户的感知和情绪反应，发现机器人脸和人声更受积极评价，而人脸和哔哔声引发更多负面情绪。
Human-robot collaboration (HRC) is growing across sectors like manufacturing and healthcare. This study explores how anthropomorphic features, specifically robot appearance (human-like face, robot-like face and blank screen) and voice (human-like voice, robot-like voice and beeping sound), influence user perceptions and emotional responses. Subjective assessments included the Robotic Social Attributes Scale (RoSAS) and self-report, while physiological responses were measured using electrocardiogram (ECG), galvanic skin response (GSR) and eye-tracking. Results showed that robot-like faces and human-like voices were linked to more positive perceptions, while human-like faces and beeping sounds led to greater negative emotional responses. Physiologically, both beeping sound and human-like voices increased skin conductance, and human-like voices also raised heart rate variability (HRV), suggesting participants felt less stressed under human-like voice conditions. Eye-tracking data showed shorter blink durations with robot-like faces, indicating greater sustained attention. These findings highlight the importance of designing robot features to improve user experience and collaboration in HRC.