Where to build renewables in Europe? The benefits of locational auction design
研究了欧洲可再生能源容量拍卖中考虑电网拓扑的区位拍卖机制，发现其相比分区拍卖能最大化可再生能源整合并降低消费者成本，但最小化再调度与系统效益存在冲突。
The European Commission recently proposed a 90 % carbon emissions reduction target for the year 2040. Reaching this target will largely rely on decarbonizing the power sector through the deployment of variable renewables through auctions. At the same time, redispatch volumes across the European Union are forecast to increase massively in the context of uncoordinated renewable deployment. Against this background, we investigate the benefits that can be achieved with locational auctions for renewable capacity, taking into consideration the grid topology in the auction clearing mechanism. We contrast the outcome against a zonal auction mechanism, as well as an equal distribution scenario, which describes a very even distribution of renewable capacity. We find that across all investigated scenarios, locational auctions maximize renewable integration, while minimizing the cost to consumers. In addition, they consistently lead to lower redispatch volumes than zonal auctions. Redispatch, however, is minimal in the equal distribution scenario, due to the high shares of local consumption. We thus conclude that maximizing system benefit stands in conflict with minimizing redispatch in zonal markets. While the former relies on maximizing renewable production, taking grid constraints into consideration, the latter objective benefits from maximizing local consumption and minimizing strain on the grid.