Rethinking political space in Europe: the modernisation and globalisation dimensions
利用2024年欧洲选举研究数据，挑战传统二维政治空间概念，提出基于现代化和全球化的新框架，揭示欧盟国家政治冲突的复杂性，对研究政党策略和选民政治立场的学者有参考价值。
This study challenges the conventional conceptualisation of political space in European countries as a two-dimensional socio-economic and socio-cultural structure. Utilising data from the 2024 European Election Study, it argues that no national political space is fully captured by these traditional axes. Instead, it introduces a novel framework based on two overarching socio-economic processes – globalisation and modernisation. The study identifies two core social dimensions that also include economic considerations: the modernisation dimension, which links traditional gender roles and opposition to same-sex marriage with attitudes toward climate change, often accompanied by support for wealth redistribution; and the globalisation dimension, which, although less uniform, consistently centres around immigration. These findings underscore the complexity of political conflict across EU countries and emphasise the role of party strategies, particularly those of far-right parties and mainstream party responses, in shaping voters’ political alignments.