Examining Biological Motion as a Potential Factor in E-Scooter Conspicuity and Safety
通过两个实验研究电动滑板车骑行者缺乏生物运动是否影响其他道路使用者对其的检测，发现生物运动减少会降低检测速度和准确性，建议引入模拟生物运动的灯光设计。
BackgroundE-scooter injuries have risen in recent years and riders report a relatively high prevalence of accidents. Collisions with motor vehicles pose a high risk to e-scooter users. E-scooter riders move fast relative to runners but lack movement of limbs that present aspects of biological motion to drivers, which may diminish conspicuity.MethodTwo experiments measured participants' detection of point light representations beneath masking visual noise. Study 1 presented a runner, e-scooter rider, and rectangular object. Study 2 modified the e-scooter stimuli to remove motion sway and added alternative e-scooter presentations, one with moving lights consistent with biological motion and the other with the same motion in reverse, inconsistent with biological motion.ResultsStudy 1 found a main effect of figure type, with the runner resulting in superior detection, recognition, and response time compared to the e-scooter rider, which performed better than the object. Study 2 found better perception performance for the runner, including better detection compared to the reverse motion e-scooter.ConclusionFindings suggest that reduced biological motion produced by e-scooter users slightly worsens and slows their detection by other road users and indicates an advantage for the perception of human body configurations. Any inclusion of apparent motion to improve detection, especially near the ground, should be consistent with biological motion.ApplicationVisual display alterations (e.g., lighting) to introduce apparent motion that mimics biological movements or is consistent with biological motion may potentially confer a detection advantage over other movement patterns.