The Equity and Efficiency Effects of Electricity Network Tariff Reform: Evidence From Ireland
研究了爱尔兰居民电力网络电价改革，发现当前电价偏离成本反映原则，净福利影响较小但具有累退性，低收入家庭受损而高收入家庭受益，并指出通过税收福利系统应对累退效应更有效。
We estimate the welfare implications of reforming residential electricity network tariffs to incorporate cost-reflective “Coasian” principles. For an Irish case study, we find that current Distribution Use of System (DUoS) tariffs deviate considerably from those that incorporate cost-reflective principles. In aggregate, positive welfare effects are largely canceled out by negative welfare effects. This results in a relatively small net welfare impact of up to around €33 million. However, there is a regressive distribution of incidence at the household level. Households in the lowest income decile incur losses of up to around €40 per annum, on average, while households in the highest income decile benefit by up to €63 per annum, on average. We show that inefficient DUoS tariffs represent a costly redistribution policy. We demonstrate that it is more efficient to counter the regressive effects through the tax-benefit system.