Regional unemployment, welfare state and the rise of populism in European Union regions
研究了欧盟地区失业率对左右翼民粹主义政党选举支持的影响，发现高失业率地区更支持左翼民粹政党，且福利国家慷慨程度会调节这一效应。
This paper explores the effect of economic insecurity, proxied by the unemployment rate, on the rise of populism across European Union regions, accounting for differences between left- and right-wing populist parties. We employ a meso-level analysis across NUTS-2 regions in the EU-27 and UK, covering all national elections from 2000 to 2018. The findings indicate that (1) higher unemployment in a region is associated with higher electoral support for left-wing populist parties in that region; and (2) that this effect is more pronounced in countries with less generous welfare states.