A robust residual-based test for structural changes in factor models
提出一种基于残差的检验方法，用于检测因子模型中的结构变化，对平滑和突变均有效，且对因子数量过设定和误差相关具有稳健性。
In this paper, we propose an easy-to-implement residual-based specification testing procedure for detecting structural changes in factor models, which is powerful against both smooth and abrupt structural changes with unknown break dates. The proposed test is robust to the over-specified number of factors, and serially and cross-sectionally correlated error processes. A new central limit theorem is given for the quadratic forms of panel data with dependence over both dimensions, thereby filling a gap in the literature. We establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistic, and accordingly develop a simulation-based scheme to select critical value in order to improve finite sample performance. Through extensive simulations and a real-world application, we confirm our theoretical results and demonstrate that the proposed test exhibits desirable size and power in practice.