Open data and API adoption of U.S. banks
研究了2007至2022年美国银行采纳外部API的决定因素，发现大银行和竞争压力小的银行更易采纳，拜登行政令加速了采纳，且采纳后银行资产回报率和托宾Q上升、贷款损失准备金下降。
Bank adoption of external application programming interfaces (APIs) enables bank customers to share their data more efficiently and securely with other third-party financial institutions and FinTechs, thus enabling open banking and bank data portability. Analyzing determinants of API adoption by U.S. banks from 2007 to 2022, we show that banks that adopt APIs tend to be larger and face lower competitive pressures. The announcement of President Biden’s executive order in July 2021 encouraged increased bank data portability and led to an acceleration in bank API adoption. Banks that adopt APIs experience an increase in Return on Assets ( ROA ) and Tobin’s Q and a decrease in loan loss provisions, particularly after President Biden’s executive order. We find that APIs’ ability to facilitate data access and sharing improves bank information flows and supports banks’ loan and deposit services which form the foundation of notable improvements in bank performance. Overall, our results on the determinants and implications of API adoption have important policy implications for the discussion on open banking regulation and bank data portability.