Three-generation educational mobility in six African countries: The role of grandparents
利用六个非洲国家的全国调查数据，研究祖父母教育对孙辈教育的影响，发现祖父母的作用显著，尤其对女性孙辈和同住家庭影响更大。
• Multigenerational links are strong in Africa, where extended family and more traditional households are still prevalent. • Grandparents education matters for the education of grandchildren, over and above the education of parents. • Overall, grandparents influence appears more pronounced for women than men. • Grandparents influence is more pronounced when grandparents reside in the same household with their grandchildren. Using nationally representative survey data, we provide estimate of three generation educational mobility in six African countries: Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria and Tanzania. We explore whether the extent of educational mobility over three generations varies by gender and whether the grandparent’s influence differs depending on their residency status. Our findings indicate that grandparents play a significant role, and that intergenerational effects can persist beyond two generations in Africa. These effects are however one-fifth as strong as those observed between two generations. The grandparents influence is generally higher for granddaughters than grandsons and is stronger if grandparents live with their grandchildren than if they do not.