Pathways to Substate Variation in the UK's Employment Relations: The Case of the Welsh Government
本文探讨威尔士政府如何通过创建社会伙伴结构、作为雇主和监管者影响雇主行为以及制定法规，在英国雇佣关系中塑造次国家变异，对研究分权治理和劳动政策的学者有参考价值。
ABSTRACT The UK is often viewed as a centralised entity that has pursued neoliberal policies. Yet its political system features devolved parliaments whose governments deploy responsibilities including those linked to employment relations. This article explores the Welsh Government's role within employment relations to argue that it has shaped pathways to substate variation by (1) defining the procedural status of other actors through creating social partnership structures (2) deploying its role as employer, funder, and procurer to influence employer behaviour, and (3) making some statutory regulation. We conclude that the Welsh Government is part of an increasingly fragmented regulatory state within the UK that offers some opportunities for subnational actors to create divergences within its national system of employment relations.