Re‐Embedding European Market Society? EU Labour Regulation and the ‘Double Countermovement’ to Market‐Making Integration
从新波兰尼视角分析欧盟近年四项劳动法指令，认为它们构成了对自由化劳动市场的有意义的“重新嵌入”，并解释为应对民众不满的“双重反向运动”。
Abstract Scholars who have examined European integration from a neo‐Polanyian perspective have long been sceptical about the opportunities for a ‘countermovement’ against the EU's market‐making bias. However, as part of a broader ‘social turn’, recent years have seen the adoption of EU legislation to promote fair and decent working conditions. Based on a contextual analysis of four key labour‐law directives, I argue that these amount to a meaningful ‘re‐embedding’ of liberalised labour markets. Conventional theories of organised interests or public opinion explain little about this move to market‐correcting integration. Returning to Polanyi, I argue that this (re‐)emergence of EU labour regulation has been the corollary of a ‘double countermovement’, that is, an attempt to restore the Union's social legitimacy in response to (perceived) popular discontent with market‐making integration that surfaced during the 2000s and reached its height during the Eurozone crisis in the early 2010s.