Observers’ gender and behavioral responses to workplace sexual harassment via empathy: The moderating role of organizational intolerance.
通过三项研究（总样本量341人），发现女性对性骚扰目标的共情高于男性，进而导致更强的干预意愿和行为，且更少“听不见”或“沉默”；但这一性别差异仅在对性骚扰容忍度高的组织中存在，在高度不容忍的组织中性别差距消失。
₂ = 341), women consistently exhibited higher empathy toward targets than men, which in turn predicted greater intervention intentions and behaviors. Women also engaged less in "not hearing" (Study 2) and reported lower intentions to "not hear" and "silence targets" (Study 3). However, this gendered pattern emerged only in organizations tolerant of sexual harassment. In highly intolerant organizations, both men and women reported greater empathy, intervened more, and exhibited less silence, eliminating the gender gap. Study 3 further strengthens our conclusion by showing that empathy explained gender differences in behavioral responses, regardless of observers' prior experiences as a target, gender similarity to the target or harasser, and beyond the influence of other emotional responses (i.e., anger, fear). Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).