Re‐Skilling in the Age of Skill Shortage: Adult Education Rather Than Active Labor Market Policy
研究了欧洲在技能短缺背景下，劳动力市场政策是否从积极劳动力市场政策转向成人教育以实现再技能培训，基于丹麦、法国、德国和瑞典的数据发现，再技能培训重心正转向成人教育。
ABSTRACT European economies face the task of providing the necessary skills for the “twin transition” in a period of skill shortage. As a result, we may expect countries to reorient their labor market policy towards re‐skilling. We look for evidence of a reorientation in two relevant policy fields: active labor market policy (ALMP) and adult education (AE). We explore general trends in both fields based on quantitative indicators and compare recent policy developments in four countries with strong ALMP and AE sectors: Denmark, France, Germany, and Sweden. We do not observe clear evidence of a general movement away from activation and towards re‐skilling in ALMP. However, in AE, we identify several re‐skilling initiatives that address skill shortages. Relying on insights from queuing theories of hiring and training, we argue that due to changes in the population targeted by ALMP, the locus of re‐skilling policy is increasingly moving towards AE.