Multiverse Analysis to Advance Theory and Practice: Illustrating and Investigating Variability in CEO Gender Pay Inequality
引入多元宇宙分析作为工具，通过系统检验大量有效设计决策的变异性，帮助在理论解释和证据分歧时催化理论发展，并以CEO性别与薪酬关系为例说明其应用。
Despite using valid research designs informed by substantive and methodological theory, results across studies fail to converge at times. We introduce multiverse analysis as a tool to help catalyze theory development in situations with divergent theoretical explanations and associated evidence by (a) offering strong and precise inference testing, (b) identifying sources of variability across (dozens, hundreds, thousands, or even millions of) systematically and comprehensively derived valid alternative design decisions, and (c) allowing for the multifaceted nature of theoretical mechanisms. We use the theoretical and empirical divergence surrounding studies on how chief executive officer (CEO) gender relates to CEO pay to illustrate how multiverse analysis is a systematic and comprehensive method that is widely applicable, accessible, and flexible, making it a valuable catalyst for theory building.