Hourglasses in Hotel Showers: Could Self-Selected Real-Time Feedback Reduce Water Use?
研究提出用不同时长的沙漏配合拟人化节水信息，让酒店客人自己选淋浴时长，实验发现3-7分钟沙漏加悲伤拟人水珠信息最能促使人缩短淋浴，低成本且有效。
Water conservation is essential for sustainable tourism, but enticing tourists to take shorter showers is challenging. Electronic shower meters providing live water use feedback are effective but costly to implement and may raise autonomy and privacy concerns. This study proposes to overcome these challenges by using analog hourglasses with varying durations accompanied by targeted messages, and investigates the underlying theoretical mechanisms. A stated preference experiment ( N = 1,000) shows that offering feasible shower durations (3, 5, or 7 min) combined with a sad anthropomorphized water message performs best in terms of both intended hourglass engagement and intention to stop showering once the hourglass ends. This intervention activates the targeted theoretical constructs (perceived anthropomorphism, empathy, self-efficacy), elicits only mild negative emotions, and increases inspiration. This low-cost solution offers hotels a practical strategy to promote sustainable water use while aligning with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals on water conservation.