Confined to stay: Migration restrictions, natural disasters, and poverty
利用印度尼西亚对沙特阿拉伯的移民禁令作为自然实验，研究发现禁令实施后，与沙特有较强移民联系的社区在自然灾害后贫困加剧更明显，表明国际移民是应对气候变化的重要适应策略。
How do restrictions to international migration affect communities’ ability to cope with natural disasters? We exploit the implementation of an emigration ban for millions of Indonesians wanting to migrate to Saudi Arabia as a natural experiment. Our identification strategy relies on pre-determined migration networks and on the exogenous timing of the ban and of natural disasters. Using a panel of the universe of Indonesian villages and a triple difference approach, we demonstrate that poverty increases in wake of natural disasters are higher in communities with strong ex-ante migration ties to Saudi Arabia after the ban was implemented. This highlights the importance of international migration as a climate-change adaptation strategy.