The emergence of digital innovations in the pre-emergence phase of self-sovereign identity in Finland
研究了数字创新在技术预涌现阶段如何涌现，以芬兰自主主权身份技术为例，提出三阶段模型，揭示互操作性要求对创新涌现的影响，对监管者和从业者有政策与实践启示。
Digital innovations (DIs) affect individuals, organisations, industries, and economies. However, the extant literature lacks an understanding of how DIs emerge and how they shape their environment in the very early, pre-emerging phase of a technology, where the technology can influence many industries. To understand the pre-emerging phase, we employ stage-based modelling by analysing rich qualitative data in the context of self-sovereign identity (SSI) technology. Our results identify the interoperability (i.e., the ability of multiple systems to interact with each other) requirement of DIs as a shaping factor of their emergence. Further, we propose a stage model that explains the emergence of SSI-facilitated DIs and an SSI innovation-fostering environment. The model consists of three qualitatively different stages with stage-specific salient questions, mechanisms, and outcomes. This work primarily contributes to the DI literature in the SSI context and has policy and practical implications for regulators and other practitioners. • Digital innovations emerge and evolve through three, qualitatively different stages. • Conditions-facilitating and knowledge-development mechanisms are at play. • The interoperability requirement of digital innovations shapes their emergence.