Wind Intermittency and Supply-Demand Imbalance: Evidence from U.S. Regional Power Markets
利用美国主要区域电力市场数据，研究发现风电出力波动显著增加电力系统供需失衡，并计算了相关辅助服务成本，对系统运营商和可再生能源政策有参考价值。
Wind is a prominent source of clean electricity but is highly variable due to random changes in wind speeds. Intermittent generation is problematic because electricity supply must match demand at all times with little margin for error. Imbalances are costly, and system operators must respond to them instantaneously. We investigate the relationship between wind intermittency and supply-demand imbalances in electricity systems, using data from major regional power markets in the United States. Results show greater variation in wind generation leads to robust, statistically significant increases in electricity system imbalance. We conduct a cost calculation using a particular kind of ancillary services cost and discuss implications for system operators and renewable energy policies.