Inflation in transit: The freight–PPI connection
研究了货运成本对欧元区生产者价格指数的影响，发现集装箱运费每上涨1%，生产者价格约上涨0.1%，对理解通胀传导有参考价值。
We examine the impact of shipping costs on the euro area producer price index, accounting for both commodities that are shipped in bulk via the use of the Baltic Dry Index, and goods that are shipped in containerships via the use of the Containership Time Charter Index. The estimates, using a Vector Error Correction Model, suggest the existence of an economically meaningful impact from shipping freight rates to manufacturer producer prices, with the effect being more pronounced for containership freight rates (approximately 0.1% per 1% increase in freight rates).