Food Security in Developing Countries: Gender and Spatial Interactions
研究发现，在非洲和亚洲七国，邻居的粮食消费每增加100卡路里，自家粮食安全提升17卡路里，且女性户主家庭受益更大，尤其是来自女性邻居的溢出效应。
Food security in developing countries is determined by a variety of economic constraints. Smallholder farmers living near one another face similar socioeconomic conditions but may have different levels of food security. Neighbors can potentially ease economic constraints and promote food security by acting as channels of resources and information. These spatial effects are likely mediated by gender roles and norms. This study estimates gendered spatial effects using a sample of households across seven countries in Africa and Asia. Findings show that for every 100 additional calories that neighbors consume, own food security increases by seventeen calories. This effect is larger for female-headed households (49 percent) than for male-headed households (15 percent). The article examines homophily, finding that female-headed households benefit more from their female-headed neighbors (68 percent) than male-headed households benefit from their male-headed neighbors (16 percent). These results show that gender and space interact in promoting food security.HIGHLIGHTS Gendered spatial patterns shape the magnitude of food security spatial spillovers.Households headed by women benefit more from village food security than those headed by men.Female-headed households benefit even more from their female-headed neighbors.