Estimating technical efficiency at farm level when plot-level data are available
用蒙特卡洛模拟比较了地块效率得分平均法和线性混合效应模型在估算农场真实技术效率时的表现，发现平均法不准确而混合模型能保持排序并准确估计。
Abstract Ownership of multiple plots by a farmer leads to hierarchical structure of data on production. Researchers use averaging of plot-level technical efficiency scores for computing the farm-level technical efficiency score. With Monte Carlo simulation, we checked the performance of averaging and that of the linear mixed effects model in estimating the true farm efficiency. We generated true efficiency scores under half-normal, normal, and skew-normal distributions of the farm-level random effect. Plot-level score averaging did not estimate the true efficiency. The linear mixed effects model preserved the ranking as well as estimated the true farm-level efficiency score.