University Collaboration and Digitalization in SMEs : The Mediating Role of Managers' Digital Knowledge
基于435家德国中小企业的调查数据，研究发现与大学合作的企业管理者更可能发展数字知识，进而提升企业数字化水平，为中小企业数字化转型提供策略参考。
ABSTRACT Digital technologies change the nature of product and service development and challenge established firms to adapt to the new digital environment. As small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), in particular, lack the resources necessary to digitally transform their business, they are forced to find new strategies to stay competitive in a digital economy. In this article, we propose and test a model in which SMEs collaborate with universities via joint research and/or infrastructure sharing to utilize knowledge spillover and improve their digitalization. Drawing on a quantitative survey of 435 German SMEs, we demonstrate that the managers of those firms cooperating with universities are more likely to develop digital knowledge (DK) of applications and IT management, leading to higher digitalization levels within the SMEs. Thus, we provide evidence that a particular DK base of SME managers serves as a link between university‐industry (U‐I) cooperation and an SME's digitalization. Our study not only advances research in the field by identifying U‐I cooperation as a critical success factor for digitalization activities in SMEs but also offers valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers seeking to enhance SMEs' digitalization efforts.