On the Alignment of Consumer Surplus and Total Surplus under Competitive Price Discrimination
研究了差异化产品与异质生产成本下，伯川德竞争中信息对消费者剩余与总剩余一致性的影响，发现消费者不知自身价值时部分信息会降低购买效率但加剧价格竞争。
We study the role of information in Bertrand competition with differentiated goods and heterogeneous production costs. When producers know their costs and consumers know their values, consumer surplus and total surplus are aligned, in the sense that the information and equilibrium that maximize consumer surplus also maximize total surplus. Alignment may fail if consumers do not know their values: Partial information about values makes purchases less efficient but intensifies price competition. We illustrate this within a Hotelling duopoly framework.