Women and Pro-environmental Initiatives in Tourism: The Intersection of Gender Dynamics and Environment Issues
研究伊朗女性在旅游环保项目中的动机与挑战，发现她们因与自然的深层联结和反抗性别不平等而参与，并展现集体韧性，推动渐进社会变革。
Women’s involvement, gender equality, and environmental challenges are critical concepts in tourism development, particularly in patriarchal systems where hierarchical value systems create challenges for both nature and women. However, the theoretical framework addressing these issues remains underexplored. This study examined how women interpret their motivations and challenges in these contexts while contributing to tourism-related environmental conservation and navigating patriarchal gender norms. It investigated the lived experiences of Iranian women actively engaged in tourism-related conservational initiatives. The findings revealed that their commitment to pro-environmental initiatives is driven by an intrinsic connection to nature and a desire to resist gender inequalities and challenge male-dominated structures. Despite facing challenges stemming from patriarchal structures, they demonstrate collective resilience against gender stereotypes. Additionally, their participation in tourism pro-environmental projects fosters trust and social recognition, driving incremental social change. This study makes a strong theoretical contribution by exploring gender issues through the lens of ecofeminism theory.