Inherent and acquired disorder and their effects on misconduct
研究企业固有失序（先前不当行为）与后天失序（并购整合）如何共同导致未来不当行为，发现内部系统失灵的组织更易发生不当行为，且并购活动会放大这一效应。
Misconduct is often the result of disorder in the firm. Disorder exists when organizational routines, processes, or mechanisms fail to fulfill their intended purposes. Social disorganization theory argues that “places”, such as neighborhoods and firms, experience persistent problems due to a lack of formal and informal controls. In this paper, we examine two disorder-creating potential antecedents of financial misconduct: previous misconduct and merger and acquisition (M&A) integration. These two events each indicate a type of disorder in the firm (inherent or acquired), which paves the way for future misconduct. Our results indicate that inherent disorder and acquired disorder jointly lead to future misconduct. These results highlight that organizations with broken internal systems are more likely to experience future misconduct and that M&A activity amplifies this effect.