Vaccine Incentives Harm Intrinsic Motivation: Evidence From a Priming Experiment
通过513名疫苗犹豫成年人的启动实验，发现金钱激励的提示使七分之一原本愿意接种的人拒绝疫苗，并降低了疫苗安全感知和亲社会态度，对男性、少数族裔及低信任群体影响更大。
Monetary incentives for vaccination may undermine intrinsic motivation, but evidence on this effect remains scarce. We conducted an experiment among 513 vaccine-hesitant adults to test whether priming individuals with a monetary incentive reduces their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Our findings show that one in seven were willing to vaccinate without an incentive but declined the vaccine when asked to consider a payment. Additionally, priming participants lowered their perceptions of vaccine safety by 9 pp and prosocial attitudes toward vaccination by 10 pp. These negative effects were concentrated among men, racial and ethnic minorities, and participants with lower preexisting trust in the vaccine. Our results highlight an unintended consequence of vaccine incentives.