The High Cost of Low Range: Estimating the Hidden Cost of Range Anxiety in Electric Vehicles
研究了电动汽车驾驶员因电池续航与出行需求差距产生的里程焦虑，估算出潜在消费者每年因此承担2500-3400美元的福利损失，对电动汽车推广政策有重要启示。
ABSTRACT Electric vehicle (EV) drivers experience range anxiety (RA) due to a gap between latent travel demand and battery range. Low fuel prices or limited range exacerbate RA. Range relevance diminishes under high fuel prices, as driving demand is suppressed, while low fuel prices have small effects on RA when range is sufficiently high. We formalize and estimate RA, leveraging the implicit interaction between local electricity prices and range. Results suggest average prospective EV consumers expect $2500–3400/year welfare costs through the RA mechanism. These estimates have strong implications for policies targeting EV ownership, underscoring another channel EV costs exceed conventional vehicles.