Extreme context exposure and counterproductive work behaviour: The role of exhaustion, authentic leadership and spirituality
基于航空和航运行业数据，研究发现频繁暴露于极端事件会增加员工的反生产行为，而疲惫是中介变量；真实型领导力和精神性作为资源能缓解这种影响。
Abstract In recent years, research on extreme contexts has expanded significantly, focussing on management practices in unusual or atypical work environments. However, individual behavioural responses in these settings have received less attention. Our study addresses this gap by using Job‐Demand Resources (JD‐R) theory to explore how extreme context exposure (i.e. frequent exposure to extreme events) influences counterproductive work behaviour towards the organisation (CWB‐O) in high‐risk contexts of aviation and shipping. In Study 1, based on data from 297 flight cadre, we found that extreme context exposure is positively linked to CWB‐O, with exhaustion linking the two variables. Study 2 replicated these findings with data from 309 seafarers, reinforcing the robustness of our results. Additionally, we identified authentic leadership and spirituality as key job and personal resources that moderate this relationship, reducing the impact of extreme context exposure on CWB‐O. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of our findings, emphasising the importance of addressing individual behaviours in extreme work environments.