A Theory of Front-Line Management
研究一线管理者在缺乏薪酬调整权时，如何通过其他激励手段调整下属任务来应对机会与威胁，并刻画管理风格如何受耐心和信息影响。
Mid- and low-level managers play a significant role within the organizational hierarchy, far beyond monitoring. It is often their responsibility to respond to opportunities and threats within their units by adjusting their subordinates’ assignments. Most such managers, however, lack the authority to adapt their subordinates’ wages. Instead, they rely on other, more restrictive incentive schemes. We study the interaction between a front-line manager and worker and characterize the “managerial style” as a function of the players’ relative patience and information. This paper was accepted by Maria Guadalupe, business strategy. Funding: D. Bird acknowledges financial support from the Sapir Center for Economic Development. A. Frug acknowledges financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain) [Grants RYC2021-033938-I and PID2021-125538NB-I00].