PORT DEVELOPMENT VS. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CHALLENGE OF KEEPING THE PACE. IN: MARITIME ENGINEERING AND PORTS III
本文概述了港口规划程序与信息通信技术发展的主要特征，指出港口基础设施项目从规划到运营需经历多个步骤，而港口开发周期（20-30年）与技术更新周期（5-7年）的时间差导致新建港口可能使用过时技术。
This paper presents an overview of the main features regarding both the port planning procedures and the information and communication technology development. All the projects regarding port infrastructure have to get through several steps before they pass to the operative phase. Planning a new port, or the enhancement of an already existent one, leads to the time span difference between a normal civil project definition for a 20-30 years future horizon versus technology/information shorter life period of 5-7 years. This means that effort afforded to build a modern port system is weakened by the fact that the brand new port is matching the future challenges using the day-before technology. In general, any port development requires procedures which may be divided in three steps to be passed through: analysis and work projects; project conforming to the master plan; and getting the projects under way.