Information System Semantics (A Logic-Based Approach)
将信息系统视为一组逻辑公理，探讨公理在应用和组织间的共享程度，提出通过向背景公理添加细化来构建原型系统的知识工程方法，并讨论语义一致性问题。
:Efficiency considerations aside, an information system may be regarded as a set of logical axioms about the organization and its environment. To what extent are these axioms shared between applications? Between organizations?Within an industry? A knowledge engineering approach to systems analysis is suggested whereby (prototype) systems are built by adding refinements to a set of background axioms representing knowledge about business, administrative functions, etc. New applications may thus build on the knowledge from previous applications, rather than starting from scratch. The emerging technology of logic programming provides a suitable implementation language for this approach. However, logic programming by itself is not enough; extendibility and probability of axioms require a consistent semantic basis across applications. Semantic issues are discussed, and a specific ontology is proposed.