Climate risks in motorsport: setting boundary conditions in Formula 1
研究了F1赛事面临的气候风险，通过分析25条赛道的天气、空气质量和洪水数据，发现极端高温是最大威胁，新加坡和卡塔尔最脆弱，为赛事日程调整和运营适应提供依据。
Research question The global nature of Formula 1 racing exposes the sport to diverse climate risks. We describe the process for setting evidence-based boundary conditions for climate-related hazards in motorsport, and then apply them to Formula 1.Research methods We assess risks for 25 Formula 1 racing circuits, including 24 venues in the 2024 racing schedule and one potential future site, by analysing historical weather data, air quality records, and flood risk projections to identify climate-related hazards that could impact race events.Results and findings The boundaries proposed herein are new and require further refinement; however, they allow us to draw some initial conclusions about the vulnerabilities of the F1 series in its current format. Our findings show that extreme heat is the most pervasive threat, affecting 19 of the 25 circuits. Flooding poses risks to 18 locations, poor air quality could compromise 10 sites, and heavy rainfall threatens seven venues. Singapore and Qatar emerged as the most vulnerable locations, while Austria shows lower climate risk profiles.Implications These results underscore the need for officials to consider adaptations to Formula 1’s race calendar and operations to address evolving environmental challenges. This study provides a foundation for developing climate adaptation plans in motorsport, potentially influencing practices in the wider automotive industry. As climate change intensifies, Formula 1’s response to these challenges may set precedents for the global sport and tourism industries facing similar environmental pressures.