Reforming Gender Laws: The Economic Impact for Women in Saudi Arabia
量化了沙特阿拉伯减少性别歧视的法律改革对女性劳动参与和就业的影响，发现改革使女性劳动参与率提高近9个百分点，超百万女性三年内进入劳动力市场。
This study quantifies the impact of Saudi Arabia’s legal reforms aimed at reducing gender discrimination on female labour force participation and employment, using a synthetic control for comparison from 2017 to 2021. The reforms yielded a nearly nine percentage point increase in female labour force participation, with over one million Saudi women entering the labour force in just three years. A difference-in-differences analysis using the staggered establishment of driving schools across regions shows an employment increase for both Saudi and migrant women in regions where schools opened. An increase in demand for migrant domestic workers could be a result of Saudi women transitioning from home into the workforce.