Autonomy or Accountability? How Meritocracy, Patronage and Gender Balance Affect Perceptions of Legitimacy
通过27个欧洲国家的调查实验，研究择优录用和政治任命如何影响公民对官僚机构的合法性感知，发现择优录用能提升合法性，尤其在治理质量低的国家效果更显著。
ABSTRACT While research suggests that bureaucratic performance is critically contingent on employee selection procedures, few studies examine the perceived legitimacy of different recruitment regimes in the eyes of citizens. This study investigates how perceived bureaucratic legitimacy is shaped by the principles guiding the selection process (merit‐based vs. political recruitment) and by its outcome in terms of descriptive representation. We suggest that both meritocratic recruitment and descriptive representation significantly enhance bureaucratic legitimacy, yet that the legitimizing effect of meritocratic recruitment is particularly important in contexts with low quality of government. Citizens in contexts permeated by favoritism, corruption, and low political trust are more vigilant against political recruitment and place less importance on gender balance. Using a unique survey experiment fielded across 27 European countries, we find support for these propositions. Our findings have implications for understanding perceived trade‐offs between bureaucratic autonomy and accountability, and perceptions of bureaucratic legitimacy.