Outsourcing of Domestic Work in Chile and Uruguay: Exploring Links with Time-Use Patterns
研究了智利和乌拉圭家庭对有偿家务的需求，发现雇佣家政工能减少家庭内无酬劳动时间的性别差距，但两国机制不同：智利主要减少女性无酬劳动，乌拉圭则同时增加男性参与。
This article analyzes the demand for paid domestic work and the relationship between the outsourcing of domestic work and gender gaps in unpaid work in Chile and Uruguay. Households demanding paid domestic work are similar in Chile and Uruguay but are more concentrated in the upper-income quintile in Chile. In both countries, the presence of domestic workers is associated with a reduction in the gender gap in unpaid hours of work within households. In Chile, this is mainly due to the reduction of women’s unpaid work and in Uruguay, it is also associated with men’s time spent in unpaid work.HIGHLIGHTS Women’s earnings and bargaining power drive household outsourcing decisions.Presence of young children strongly predicts domestic service hiring patterns.Hiring domestic workers leads to a reduction in intrahousehold gender gaps in unpaid work.In Uruguay, domestic outsourcing reduces unpaid work for both, more for women.In Chile, domestic outsourcing primarily reduces women’s unpaid work only.The presence of domestic workers does not modify intrahousehold gender gaps in paid work in more traditional gender contexts.