Optimal Fiscal Policy in a Climate-Economy Model with Heterogeneous Households
研究了应对气候变化和不平等的最优财政政策，理论上刻画了最优碳税和所得税，并利用校准至DICE的气候模型对美国经济进行量化分析，发现碳税收入最优分配为约一半用于减少税收扭曲、一半用于增加转移支付。
Abstract We study optimal fiscal policy to address climate change and inequality. We theoretically characterise optimal carbon and income taxes and quantify them for the US economy with a climate model calibrated to DICE. In contrast to the representative-agent setting, we find that (i) tax distortions have a negligible effect on the optimal carbon tax; (ii) inequality only slightly reduces it; (iii) the revenue from carbon taxes is optimally split about equally between reducing tax distortions and increasing transfers. Unlike the double-dividend policy, optimal carbon taxation has progressive welfare effects and low-income households benefit even in the short run.