Generative artificial intelligence for literature reviews
本文基于大型语言模型（如ChatGPT）的技术基础，概述了使用通用和专用生成式AI工具进行文献综述的方法，并提供了提示示例和策略，同时讨论了机遇与风险。
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), based on large-language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has taken organizations, academia, and the public by storm. In particular, impressive GenAI capabilities such as summarization of large text corpora, question-answering, data extraction, and translation, carry profound implications for the conduct of literature reviews. This impacts science, organizations and the general public, as all can benefit from GenAI-supported literature reviews. Building on the technical foundations of GenAI and grounded in established methodological discourse, this work outlines approaches for conducting literature reviews using both general-purpose (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude) and specialized GenAI tools (e.g., Consensus, Elicit). We provide illustrative examples of prompts and suggest methodologically-sound literature review strategies. Throughout this perspective paper, we adopt a balanced approach considering both the opportunities and the risks of relying on GenAI in the conduct of literature reviews. We conclude by discussing philosophical questions related to the effects of GenAI on long-term scientific progress, and also present fruitful opportunities for research on improving the core of GenAI’s technology—its architecture and training data—and suggest open issues in GenAI-based literature reviews methodology.