The Degradation of Access‐Based Business Models: Customer Misbehavior and Shared Mobility
研究了10家共享出行运营商商业模式的变化，发现客户不当行为、行业周期、股东优先权等因素导致企业从追求三重价值平衡转向侧重财务可行性和富裕客户，从而背离了绿色、平价、普惠出行的初衷。
ABSTRACT Access‐based services are considered one of the strategies to embed sustainability in business models. Yet, because the evolution of these business models has been overlooked, we do not know whether their promise to create triple value is sustained. Against this backdrop, we studied how the business model of 10 shared mobility operators changed and its consequences on the formation of social, environmental, and economic value. Findings show that the evolution is the result of intertwined changes in consumer misbehavior and vandalism, industry lifecycle, shareholders' priorities, technological advancements, and regulatory shifts. We identify two overarching processes that explain why the operators ceased to maintain a balance in the creation of triple value: progressive focus on financial viability and a growing prioritization of a smaller and wealthier segment of customers. These processes degraded the original goal of providing green, affordable, and accessible mobility for all.