Overbuying, Demand Withholding, and Single Sourcing Under Decreasing Returns
研究了买方在供应商比较优势未知时，如何根据市场大小调整采购策略，包括过度采购、需求抑制或单一来源采购，并分析了通过凹形关税实现需求抑制的机制。
ABSTRACT Consider suppliers whose comparative advantages, which are unknown to a buyer, depend on the quantity procured. The distortions of the buyer purchase policy differs depending on the market characteristics. In a large market, either it overbuys to suppliers with steep marginal costs, who are better at producing a small volume; or it withholds the demand it addresses to suppliers with flatter marginal costs, who are better at producing a large volume. The latter policy is implemented through a concave tariff offered to the less capacity constrained suppliers. In a small market, demand withholding prevails and some suppliers can be excluded.