A three-tier framework for regulated closed-loop supply chains: Low carbon operations and climate change mitigation
本文批判性回顾了受监管闭环供应链的现状，提出一个包含技术-组织-环境驱动因素、决策过程和三重底线结果的三层框架，用于分析监管与供应链动态的复杂互动，为未来研究提供基础。
Climate change is a critical problem affecting all walks of life. In logistics and production systems, closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) management has emerged as a key strategy for promoting sustainability by integrating waste reduction, product recovery, and lifecycle management. However, achieving sustainability goals often places additional pressure on firms, which may face operational and strategic barriers in adopting such practices. Government intervention can play a pivotal role in alleviating these pressures by sharing the responsibility for sustainable development and incentivizing firms to enhance their circular practices. In this paper, we provide a critical review of the current state of regulated CLSCs, with a particular focus on their implications for sustainability, the importance of low-carbon operations, and climate change mitigation. We propose a novel three-tier framework that encompasses: (i) Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) enablers, (ii) decision-making processes, and (iii) Triple Bottom Line (TBL) outcomes. This framework offers an integrated lens for analyzing the complex interplay between regulation and CLSC dynamics, and serves as a foundation for future research.