Profit comparisons, market prices and managers' judgments about negotiated transfer prices.
通过实验发现，经验丰富的管理者在协商转让定价时，不仅受市场价格影响，还关注部门间利润分配的公平性；当市场价格导致利润不均时，其影响减弱，且价格估计的偏差和方差增大，使达成协议更困难。
Abstract This paper examines experienced managers' judgments about the effects of market price and accounting profit information on negotiated transfer prices. Conventional economic arguments predict that market price should determine negotiated transfer prices by determining reservation prices for parties with outside options. We found, however, that experienced managers expected the influence of market price to be limited by divisional managers' concern about how their profits compare with each other. While market price did affect managers' reservation-price and transfer-price estimates, its influence was significantly less when market price resulted in a more unequal ("unfair") distribution of profits between divisions. Profit comparisons also affected the judgments that determine the efficiency of the bargaining process. We found that as market price diverged from a price that offered equal profits to both divisions, both variance and bias in managers' price estimates increased, indicating that it would be harder to reach agreement on a transfer price.