From Efficiency to Illness: Do Highly Automatable Jobs Take a Toll on Health in Germany?
利用德国SOEP面板数据和职业面板数据（2013-2022），研究发现高自动化风险工作与劳动者自评健康下降、健康满意度降低及病假增加相关，但对焦虑和医疗使用无显著影响。
ABSTRACT Automation transforms work at a rapid pace, with gradually increasing shares of the workforce at risk of being replaced by machines. However, little is known about how this risk is affecting workers. In this study, we examine the relationship between exposure to high automation risk at work and both subjective (self‐reported health, anxiety, and health satisfaction) and objective (healthcare use and sickness absence) health outcomes of workers in Germany. We base our analysis on survey data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel (SOEP) and administrative data from the Occupational Panel for Germany (2013–2022). Employing panel regression, we demonstrate that for workers, exposure to high automation risk at the occupational level is associated with lower self‐reported health and health satisfaction, as well as increased sickness absence. No significant effects are observed for anxiety and healthcare use. Our heterogeneity analysis reveals only minor variations in the effects across several demographic and occupational characteristics. We also conduct multiple robustness checks (i.e., alternative model specifications and risk measures with different thresholds), with the results remaining largely consistent with our main findings.