Market and Nonmarket Strategies in Focus: How Entrepreneurs Tackling the Grand Challenge of Waste Management Navigate Institutional and Market Adversity in Ghana
基于加纳14家废物管理公司的37次深度访谈，研究揭示了创业者面临正式、非正式及市场相关挑战，并运用市场、非市场社会及非市场政治策略来应对，其成功取决于环境与关系管理能力。
ABSTRACT Waste management remains a critical grand challenge in African countries. While entrepreneurship has been a viable strategy for addressing this challenge, it is fraught with constraints. This study investigates the strategies orchestrated by entrepreneurs to navigate adversity in Waste management and ensure the social and economic viability of their ventures. Based on 37 in‐depth interviews with entrepreneurs and management personnel from 14 Waste management companies in Ghana, our findings reveal that entrepreneurs face formal, informal and market‐related challenges that limit scalability and increase business attrition. In response, they deploy market, nonmarket social and nonmarket political strategies, with success largely dependent on their environmental and relational managerial competencies. Our paper contributes to the nexus of entrepreneurship and grand challenges by providing an integrative framework that captures the full journey of entrepreneurial efforts in tackling waste management challenges. Moreover, we offer practical implications for policymakers and entrepreneurs seeking to foster sustainable Waste management solutions in Africa.